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Modern Language Association. M.L.A. Handbook for Writers of Research Papers.
7th ed. New York: M.L.A., 2009. Print.
-Before, titles were underlined. Now they are italicized. (p.88)
-Titles that were in quotation marks (part of major works- stories, poems, etc.) are still in roman type and quotation marks. There is NO change here. (p.89)
-Title within title (p.90) There are 2 methods:
- The one preferred by MLA is "the title within is neither italicized nor enclosed in quotations marks." Example: New Criticism on Harry Potter.
- Title within is placed in quotation marks and italicized. Example New Criticism on "Harry Potter."
-Works cited page is double spaced. (p.131)
-Non consecutive pagination with + sign. Instead of 30, 34, 50 you use the + sign: 30+. (p.142)
-Now the medium needs to be identified at the end of the citation: Print, Web, DVD, CD-ROM, MP3 file, PDF file, Microsoft Word file, JPESG XML, etc. Note: if it comes from a database the medium is Web.
Examples:
A PDF file from a database is Web.
A video from youtube.com is Web.
A dvd from the shelves is DVD.
A personal PDF file from your computer is PDF.
-The independent medium that does not come from the Web or from a Print source must be identified with one of the other categories mentioned above.
-Now the series information goes after the medium of publication. (example: Print. Opposing Viewpoints.) p.170.
-Republished works: Give the original publication date (if available) after the title, then proceed with the publication information of the book you are citing (p.171)
-If an imprint is mentioned in the title page, state the imprint, then hyphen and state the publisher. (Thompson-Gale) (p.173)
-If the title page has 2 or more publishers, include them in the order mentioned with a semicolon (London: Benn; N.Y.: Barnes; London: Routledge, 1968) (p.173)
-For excerpts, (for example, the criticism in the literature collection) cite the original, then use "Excerpt from" for the rest of the citation. (p.159)
-For a previously published scholarly article in a collection, use Rpt. in. (p.159).
-New abbreviations: copr (copyright); PDF (Portable Document File); ISP (Internet Service Provider); USC (United States Codes) (p.240)
-Names of Databases are italicized, followed by the medium, Web and the date of access. (p.193)
Example: Academic Search Complete. Web. 20 April 2009.
About the Web:
-Very important: "You should include a URL as supplementary information ONLYwhen the reader probably cannot locate the source without it or when your instructor requires it." (p.182)
-If publisher or sponsor of site is not available use N.p. (no publisher). If date of publication is NOT available use n.d. (no date). (p.185)
Created and maintained by Sahyly Martinez.
Last revised: May 2009
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URL: http://www.epcc.edu/vvlib/mlachanges.htm
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